After doing lots of practice tests you will come to recognize cause and effect words and phrases. These include: since, because, for, so, consequently, as a result, thus, therefore, due to and hence. It is a good idea to focus on these as often a question will ask you to interpret how these words have been used to link different aspects of an issue or argument together. There are subtle difference between these words and phrases, as some signal stronger causal relationships than others. A word like because indicates a direct causal link. The word so also joins facts together but does not necessarily mean that it was the first fact that led to the second.
Examples on Cause and Effect
Consider the following two examples:
1. As a result of over subscription, Adam did not get a place on the philosophy course.
2. The philosophy course was oversubscribed so Adam enrolled in a different class.
What is the answer if you asked: Did Adam get place on the philosophy course? In the first sentence, you know that he did not. The second sentence is more ambiguous. Perhaps Adam got a place, but opted out of the overcrowded course.
Be careful not to mix up causal words with words such as then, next, after and later. These words indicate a chronological sequence rather than a causal effect. For example, then does not imply that one thing caused another to happen, only that if happened after.
Cause and Effect Questions from Previous Year Exams
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Cause and Effect
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Question 1 of 25
1. Question
1 pointsIn each of the following questions, two statements numbered 1 and 2 are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as
Statements:
1. The local co-operative credit society has decided to stop giving loans to farmers with immediate effect.
2. A large number of credit society members have withdrawn major part of their deposits from the credit society.Correct
Clearly, withdrawal of funds by society members is bound to reduce the lending power of the society.
Incorrect
Clearly, withdrawal of funds by society members is bound to reduce the lending power of the society.
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Question 2 of 25
2. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The employees of the biggest bank in the country have given an indefinite strike call starting from third of the next month.
2. The employees of the Central Government have withdrawn their week long demonstrations.Correct
The employees of a bank going on strike and the government employees calling off their protest seem to be two independent events that might have been triggered by individual causes.
Incorrect
The employees of a bank going on strike and the government employees calling off their protest seem to be two independent events that might have been triggered by individual causes.
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Question 3 of 25
3. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. Police resorted to lathi-charge to disperse the unlawful gathering of large number of people.
2. The citizens' forum called a general strike in protest against the police atrocities.Correct
Clearly, the people's mass protest against the police might have instigated the latter to indulge in lathi-charge to disperse the mob.
Incorrect
Clearly, the people's mass protest against the police might have instigated the latter to indulge in lathi-charge to disperse the mob.
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Question 4 of 25
4. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. Majority of the citizens in the locality belongs to higher income group.
2. The sales in the local super market are comparatively much higher than in other localities.Correct
The comparatively higher sales in a particular locality are indicative of the high paying capacity of the residents of that locality.
Incorrect
The comparatively higher sales in a particular locality are indicative of the high paying capacity of the residents of that locality.
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Question 5 of 25
5. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The life today is too fast, demanding and full of variety in all aspects which at times leads to stressful situations.
2. Number of suicide cases among teenagers is on increase.Correct
Stress in everyday life is a major cause of frustration among the youth and is bound to lead them to take harsh steps as suicide.
Incorrect
Stress in everyday life is a major cause of frustration among the youth and is bound to lead them to take harsh steps as suicide.
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Question 6 of 25
6. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The government has decided to make all the information related to primary education available to the general public.
2. In the past, the general public did not have access to all these information related to primary education.Correct
The government must have seen the unawareness of the people as a strong factor in the primary education programme being not successful. The step indicated in I must, thus, have been sought for as a remedy for the same.
Incorrect
The government must have seen the unawareness of the people as a strong factor in the primary education programme being not successful. The step indicated in I must, thus, have been sought for as a remedy for the same.
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Question 7 of 25
7. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The Government has imported large quantities of sugar as per trade agreement with other countries.
2. The prices of sugar in the domestic market have fallen sharply in the recent months.Correct
The increase in supply always triggers a reduction in the prices.
Incorrect
The increase in supply always triggers a reduction in the prices.
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Question 8 of 25
8. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. There is sharp decline in the production of oil seeds this year.
2. The Government has decided to increase the import quantum of edible oil.Correct
A sharp decline in oil seed production is bound to reduce oil supply and import of oil is the only means to restore the essential supply.
Incorrect
A sharp decline in oil seed production is bound to reduce oil supply and import of oil is the only means to restore the essential supply.
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Question 9 of 25
9. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The private medical colleges have increased the tuition fees in the current year by 200 per cent over the last year's fees to meet the expenses.
2. The Government medical colleges have not increased their fees in spite of price escalation.Correct
The increase in the fees of the private colleges and there being no increase in the same in Government colleges seem to be policy matters undertaken by the individual decisive boards at the two levels.
Incorrect
The increase in the fees of the private colleges and there being no increase in the same in Government colleges seem to be policy matters undertaken by the individual decisive boards at the two levels.
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Question 10 of 25
10. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. Large number of people living in the low-lying areas has been evacuated during the last few days to safer places.
2. The Government has rushed in relief supplies to the people living in the affected areas.Correct
Evacuating low-lying areas and rushing in relief to the affected areas clearly indicates that floods have occurred in the area.
Incorrect
Evacuating low-lying areas and rushing in relief to the affected areas clearly indicates that floods have occurred in the area.
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Question 11 of 25
11. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. It is the aim of the city's civic authority to get the air pollution reduced by 20% in the next two months.
2. The number of asthma cases in the city is constantly increasing.Correct
The increase in number of asthma cases must have alerted the authorities to take action to control air pollution that triggers the disease.
Incorrect
The increase in number of asthma cases must have alerted the authorities to take action to control air pollution that triggers the disease.
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Question 12 of 25
12. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. There has been a high increase in the incidents of atrocities against women in the city during the past few months.
2. The police authority has been unable to nab the culprits who are committing crime against women.Correct
An increase in the cases of atrocities on women and the police being unable to nab the culprits involved in the same are independent happenings in themselves.
Incorrect
An increase in the cases of atrocities on women and the police being unable to nab the culprits involved in the same are independent happenings in themselves.
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Question 13 of 25
13. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. Rural and semi-urban areas in the country have been suffering due to load shedding for quite some time.
2. If the Government is not able to overcome the power crisis, load shedding will be extended even to the urban areas.Correct
The facts given in both the statements are clearly the result of acute power shortage.
Incorrect
The facts given in both the statements are clearly the result of acute power shortage.
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Question 14 of 25
14. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The university authority has instructed all the colleges under its jurisdiction to ban use of all phones inside the college premises.
2. Majority of the teachers of the colleges signed a joint petition to the university complaining the disturbances caused by cell phone ring-tones inside the classrooms.Correct
Clearly, the university's decision came as a sequel to the complaint received by it from the college teachers against use of mobile phones in the college premises.
Incorrect
Clearly, the university's decision came as a sequel to the complaint received by it from the college teachers against use of mobile phones in the college premises.
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Question 15 of 25
15. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. Most of the steel producing companies in the country have made considerable profit during the last financial year.
2. Many Asian countries have been importing huge quantities of steel from India.Correct
The increase in demand of steel from other countries is bound to enhance business and hence profitability of steel companies in India.
Incorrect
The increase in demand of steel from other countries is bound to enhance business and hence profitability of steel companies in India.
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Question 16 of 25
16. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. There is increase in water level of all the water tanks supplying drinking water to the city during the last fortnight.
2. Most of the trains were cancelled last week due to water-logging on the tracks.Correct
The problems discussed in both the statements are clearly the result of heavy downpour in the area.
Incorrect
The problems discussed in both the statements are clearly the result of heavy downpour in the area.
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Question 17 of 25
17. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. There is unprecedented increase in the number of young unemployed in comparison to the previous year.
2. A large number of candidates submitted applications against an advertisement for the post of manager issued by a bank.Correct
An increase in the number of unemployed youth is bound to draw in huge crowds for a single vacancy.
Incorrect
An increase in the number of unemployed youth is bound to draw in huge crowds for a single vacancy.
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Question 18 of 25
18. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The police authority has recently caught a group of house breakers.
2. The citizens group in the locality have started night vigil in the area.Correct
Both the statements are clearly backed by a common cause, which is clearly an increase in the number of thefts in the locality.
Incorrect
Both the statements are clearly backed by a common cause, which is clearly an increase in the number of thefts in the locality.
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Question 19 of 25
19. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. Majority of the students in the college expressed their opinion against the college authority's decision to break away from the university and become autonomous.
2. The university authorities have expressed their inability to provide grants to its constituent colleges.Correct
Clearly, the university's decision to refuse grant to the colleges must have triggered the college authority to become autonomous.
Incorrect
Clearly, the university's decision to refuse grant to the colleges must have triggered the college authority to become autonomous.
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Question 20 of 25
20. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The literacy rate in the district has been increasing for the last four years.
2. The district administration has conducted extensive training programme for the workers involved in the literacy drive.Correct
Clearly, the increase in the literacy rate may be attributed directly to the stringent efforts of the district administration in this direction.
Incorrect
Clearly, the increase in the literacy rate may be attributed directly to the stringent efforts of the district administration in this direction.
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Question 21 of 25
21. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The school authority has asked the X Std. students to attend special classes to be conducted on Sundays.
2. The parents of the X Std. students have withdrawn their wards from attending private tuition's conducted on Sundays.Correct
It seems quite evident that the parents have instructed their wards to abstain from private tuitions on Sundays and attend special classes organised by the school.
Incorrect
It seems quite evident that the parents have instructed their wards to abstain from private tuitions on Sundays and attend special classes organised by the school.
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Question 22 of 25
22. Question
1 pointsstatement :
1. Mihir studies in standard eighth.
2. Mihir failed in standard eighth.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 23 of 25
23. Question
1 pointsstatement :
1. Ajay has become bankrupt.
2. Ajay lost his job.Correct
Incorrect
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Question 24 of 25
24. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. All the schools in the area had to be kept closed for most part of the week.
2. Many parents have withdrawn their children from the local schools.Correct
Closing the schools for a week and the parents withdrawing their wards from the local schools are independent issues, which must have been triggered by different individual causes.
Incorrect
Closing the schools for a week and the parents withdrawing their wards from the local schools are independent issues, which must have been triggered by different individual causes.
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Question 25 of 25
25. Question
1 pointsStatements:
1. The Reserve Bank of India has recently put restrictions on few small banks in the country.
2. The small banks in the private and co-operative sector in India are not in a position to withstand the competitions of the bigger in the public sector.Correct
The inability of the small banks to compete with the bigger ones shall not ensure security and good service to the customers, which is an essential concomitant that has to be looked into by the Reserve Bank. I seems to be a remedial step for the same.
Incorrect
The inability of the small banks to compete with the bigger ones shall not ensure security and good service to the customers, which is an essential concomitant that has to be looked into by the Reserve Bank. I seems to be a remedial step for the same.
Cause and Effect Video Lecture
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